| 29 Oct 2018 |
How DNA Cages Transport Nanoparticles
29 October 2018 – Objects on the nanoscale containing cavities are of great interest from the point of view of both fundamental science as well as in terms of possible applications. So-called nanocages can act as carriers of smaller molecules and, for example, transport drugs or genes for medical purposes. An international research team including scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich have investigated how one could create robust and stable nanobjects with tunable properties in the laboratory using experiments in combination with detailed computer simulations.
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Clemens Jochum, Nataša Adžić, Emmanuel Stiakakis, Thomas L. Derrien, Dan Luo, Gerhard Kahl, and Christos N. Likos: Structure and stimuli-responsiveness of all-DNA dendrimers: theory and experiment, Nanoscale (2018).
DOI: 10.1039/C8NR05814H
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| 21 Sep 2018 |
How Magnetism Works: Electron Bonds Stronger Than Thought
Jülich, 21 September 2018 – Why are some metals magnetic? This question is a challenge not only for school children, but a well-founded scientific answer is also elusive. A paper by a team of scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg makes this even clearer. Using cobalt as a magnetic material, the researchers were the first to visualize those interactions between single electrons that ultimately give rise to magnetic properties. This in turn enabled the first detailed insights into the electronic origin of magnetism, something that could only be addressed theoretically in the past. For their investigations, the researchers utilized an electron microscope operated by Forschungszentrum Jülich at the Elettra storage ring in Trieste, Italy.
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Nonlocal electron correlations in an itinerant ferromagnet
Christian Tusche, Martin Ellguth, Vitaliy Feyer, Alexander Krasyuk, Carsten Wiemann,
Jürgen Henk, Claus M. Schneider & Jürgen Kirschner;
Nature Communications (published online September 13, 2018), DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05960-5
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| 13 Sep 2018 |
Unique View of Links in the Brain
Jülich, 13 September 2018 – Together with scientists from the University of Bochum, Jülich researchers from the JARA Institute Brain Structure–Function Relations hips (INM-10) have for the first time quantitatively investigated and described in detail a synapse located in the temporal lobe of the human brain using high-resolution digital electron micrographs. In addition to similarities, the investigations on the 3D models of human synapses revealed significant differences compared to synaptic structures in animal models. This applies particularly to the size and the structure of “active zones” (neurotransmitter release sites) and the number and availability of synaptic vesicles. The team of scientists headed by Prof. Joachim Lübke therefore concluded that data collected in animal experiments cannot as a rule be applied to humans directly.
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R. Yakoubi, A. Rollenhagen, M. von Lehe, Y. Shao, K. Sätzler and J. H.R. Lübke (2018), Quantitative Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of Excitatory Synaptic Boutons in Layer 5 of the Adult Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex: A Fine-Scale Electron Microscopic Analysis, Cerebral Cortex, 2018; 1–18, doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy146
https://academic.oup.com/cercor/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cercor/bhy146/5042008
Rollenhagen A., Ohana O., Sätzler K.,Hilgetag C. C., Kuhl D. and Lübke J. H. R. (2018), Structural Properties of Synaptic Transmission and Temporal Dynamics at Excitatory Layer 5B Synapses in the Adult Rat Somatosensory Cortex, Front. Synaptic Neurosci., 10:24, doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00024
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00024/full
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| 28 Aug 2018 |
First Direct Element- and Momentum-specific Study of Conduction Electrons
Jülich, 28 August 2018 - A class of semiconductors demonstrating magnetic properties at room temperature could one day be the basis for innovative computing and storage media in the computers of the future. The electronic and magnetic properties of these so-called dilute semiconductors are altered in useful ways by the deliberate and targeted introduction of impurities in the form of foreign atoms. It is now easier to examine exactly what happens during this process, known as doping, and how desired characteristics can be produced, for an international team of scientists has discovered that a method based on angle resolution photoemission spectroscopy can read information directly from the electronic structure of materials, information that previously could only be interpreted using complex analyses involving theoretical predictions.
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Element- and momentum-resolved electronic structure of the dilute magnetic semiconductor manganese doped gallium arsenide;
Slavomír Nemšák, Mathias Gehlmann, Cheng-Tai Kuo, Shih-Chieh Lin, Christoph Schlueter, Ewa Mlynczak, Tien-Lin Lee, Lukasz Plucinski, Hubert Ebert, Igor Di Marco, Ján Minár, Claus M. Schneider &
Charles S. Fadley;
Nature Communications 9, Article number: 3306 (2018), DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05823-z
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| 20 Jul 2018 |
Synthesizing the Materials of the Future
Jülich, 16 Juli 2018 – How can materials be synthesized and processed more easily using electric and magnetic fields? A team of researchers from six German universities and research institutions headed by Jülich materials scientist Olivier Guillon summarize the current state of research in this field.
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"Manipulation of matter by electric and magnetic fields: Toward novel synthesis and processing routes of inorganic materials",
Materials Today, by Olivier Guillon, Christian Elsässer, Oliver Gutfleisch, Jürgen Janek, Sandra Korte-Kerzel, Dierk Raabe, Cynthia A. Volkert,
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2018.03.026
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| 28 Jun 2018 |
Magnetic skyrmions: Not the only ones of their class
Jülich, 28 June 2018 - Tiny magnetic vortex structures, so-called skyrmions, have been researched intensively for some time for future energy-efficient space-saving data storage devices. Scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich have now discovered another class of particle-like magnetic object that could take the development of data storage devices a significant step forward. If skyrmions are used to encode the number "1", then the new objects could be used to encode the number "0".
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Experimental observation of chiral magnetic bobbers in B20-type FeGe
Fengshan Zheng, Filipp N. Rybakov, Aleksandr B. Borisov, Dongsheng Song, Shasha Wang, Zi-An Li, Haifeng Du, Nikolai S. Kiselev, Jan Caron, András Kovács, Mingliang Tian, Yuheng Zhang, Stefan Blügel, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski
Nature Nanotechnology (published online 9 April 2018) DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0093-3
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| 28 Jun 2018 |
Materials Research for Energy-efficient Magnetic Cooling
Jülich, 27. June 2018 - Jülich scientist Nikolaos Biniskos together with his colleagues in a Franco-German research team has gained new insights into the inverse magnetocaloric effect with the help of neutron scattering studies. The results could be useful in the search for suitable magnetocaloric materials for energy-efficient heating and cooling systems.
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N. Biniskos et al.; Spin fluctuations drive the inverse magnetocaloric effect in Mn5Si3;
Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 257205 – Published 22 June 2018,
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.257205
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