The symbiosis of neuronal activities and glucose energy metabolism is reflected in the generation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. However, their association with the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition (E/I-B), which is closely related to the activities of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the receptor availability (RA) of GABAA and mGluR5, remains unexplored. [...]

Currently, a reliable diagnostic test for differentiating pseudoprogression from early tumor progression is lacking. We explored the potential of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics for this clinically important task [...]

BACKGROUNDRecently, the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) Working Group emphasized the additional diagnostic value of amino acid PET in addition to MRI. However, the number of studies using amino acid PET/MRI radiomics is still low. [...]

There is growing evidence that obesity is associated with inflammation in the brain, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. In humans, it is challenging to detect brain inflammation in vivo. [...]

The translocator protein (TSPO) is a transmembrane protein present across the three domains of life. Its functional quaternary structure consists of one or more subunits [...]

Hybrid Molecular Mechanics/Coarse-Grained (MM/CG) simulations help predict ligand poses in human G protein-coupled receptors (hGPCRs), the most important protein superfamily for pharmacological applications. This approach allows the description of the ligand, the binding cavity, and the surrounding water molecules at atomistic resolution, while coarse-graining the rest of the receptor. [...]

BackgroundPhysical activity has shown a positive impact on aging and neurodegeneration and represents a possible treatment option in cognitive decline. However, its underlying mechanisms and influences on brain pathology remain unclear. [...]

PurposeTo describe and implement a strategy for dynamic slice‐by‐slice and multiband B0 shimming using spherical harmonic shims in the human brain at 7T.TheoryFor thin axial slices, spherical harmonic shims can be divided into pairs of shims (z‐degenerate and non‐z‐degenerate) that are spatially degenerate, such that only ½ of the shims (non‐z‐degenerate) are required for single slice optimizations. However, when combined, the pairs of shims can be used to simultaneously generate the same in‐plane symmetries but with different amplitudes as a function of their z location. [...]

Model-based system engineering (MBSE) provides a high-level environment and efficiently handles the ever-rising complexity of computation and control systems. We introduce a requirement-driven, model-based development methodology (RDD & MBD) for real-time computation systems based on vendor neutral specifications. [...]